sousa-gecko/dom/webgpu/Device.cpp

/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */

#include "Device.h"

#include "Adapter.h"
#include "BindGroup.h"
#include "Buffer.h"
#include "CommandEncoder.h"
#include "CompilationInfo.h"
#include "ComputePipeline.h"
#include "DeviceLostInfo.h"
#include "ExternalTexture.h"
#include "InternalError.h"
#include "OutOfMemoryError.h"
#include "PipelineLayout.h"
#include "PromiseHelpers.h"
#include "QuerySet.h"
#include "Queue.h"
#include "RenderBundleEncoder.h"
#include "RenderPipeline.h"
#include "Sampler.h"
#include "SupportedFeatures.h"
#include "SupportedLimits.h"
#include "Texture.h"
#include "TextureView.h"
#include "Utility.h"
#include "ValidationError.h"
#include "ipc/WebGPUChild.h"
#include "js/Value.h"
#include "mozilla/Attributes.h"
#include "mozilla/ErrorResult.h"
#include "mozilla/Logging.h"
#include "mozilla/RefPtr.h"
#include "mozilla/dom/Console.h"
#include "mozilla/dom/Promise.h"
#include "mozilla/dom/VideoFrame.h"
#include "mozilla/dom/WebGPUBinding.h"
#include "mozilla/gfx/gfxVars.h"
#include "mozilla/webgpu/ffi/wgpu.h"
#include "nsGlobalWindowInner.h"

namespace mozilla::webgpu {

mozilla::LazyLogModule gWebGPULog("WebGPU");

NS_IMPL_CYCLE_COLLECTION_WEAK_PTR_INHERITED(Device, DOMEventTargetHelper,
                                            mQueue, mFeatures, mLimits,
                                            mAdapterInfo, mLostPromise);
NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS_CYCLE_COLLECTION_INHERITED_0(Device, DOMEventTargetHelper)
GPU_IMPL_JS_WRAP(Device)

/* static */ CheckedInt<uint32_t> Device::BufferStrideWithMask(
    const gfx::IntSize& aSize, const gfx::SurfaceFormat& aFormat) {
  constexpr uint32_t kBufferAlignmentMask = 0xff;
  return CheckedInt<uint32_t>(aSize.width) * gfx::BytesPerPixel(aFormat) +
         kBufferAlignmentMask;
}

Device::Device(Adapter* const aParent, RawId aDeviceId, RawId aQueueId,
               RefPtr<SupportedFeatures> aFeatures,
               RefPtr<SupportedLimits> aLimits,
               RefPtr<webgpu::AdapterInfo> aAdapterInfo,
               RefPtr<dom::Promise> aLostPromise)
    : DOMEventTargetHelper(aParent->GetParentObject()),
      ObjectBase(aParent->GetChild(), aDeviceId, ffi::wgpu_client_drop_device),
      mFeatures(std::move(aFeatures)),
      mLimits(std::move(aLimits)),
      mAdapterInfo(std::move(aAdapterInfo)),
      mSupportSharedTextureInSwapChain(
          aParent->SupportSharedTextureInSwapChain()),
      mLost(false),
      mLostPromise(std::move(aLostPromise)),
      mQueue(new class Queue(this, aQueueId)) {
  GetChild()->RegisterDevice(this);
  KeepAliveIfHasListenersFor(nsGkAtoms::onuncapturederror);
}

Device::~Device() { GetChild()->UnregisterDevice(GetId()); }

void Device::TrackBuffer(Buffer* aBuffer) { mTrackedBuffers.Insert(aBuffer); }

void Device::UntrackBuffer(Buffer* aBuffer) { mTrackedBuffers.Remove(aBuffer); }

dom::Promise* Device::GetLost(ErrorResult& aRv) {
  aRv = NS_OK;
  return mLostPromise;
}

void Device::ResolveLost(dom::GPUDeviceLostReason aReason,
                         const nsAString& aMessage) {
  if (mLost) {
    return;
  }
  mLost = true;

  RefPtr<DeviceLostInfo> info =
      MakeRefPtr<DeviceLostInfo>(GetParentObject(), aReason, aMessage);
  promise::MaybeResolve(RefPtr(mLostPromise), std::move(info));
}

already_AddRefed<Buffer> Device::CreateBuffer(
    const dom::GPUBufferDescriptor& aDesc, ErrorResult& aRv) {
  return Buffer::Create(this, GetId(), aDesc, aRv);
}

/* static */ dom::GPUTextureDescriptor Device::SwapChainTextureDescriptor(
    const dom::GPUCanvasConfiguration& aConfig,
    const gfx::IntSize& aCanvasSize) {
  dom::GPUTextureDescriptor desc;
  desc.mDimension = dom::GPUTextureDimension::_2d;
  auto& sizeDict = desc.mSize.SetAsGPUExtent3DDict();
  sizeDict.mWidth = aCanvasSize.width;
  sizeDict.mHeight = aCanvasSize.height;
  sizeDict.mDepthOrArrayLayers = 1;
  desc.mFormat = aConfig.mFormat;
  desc.mMipLevelCount = 1;
  desc.mSampleCount = 1;
  desc.mUsage = aConfig.mUsage | dom::GPUTextureUsage_Binding::COPY_SRC;
  desc.mViewFormats = aConfig.mViewFormats;
  return desc;
}

already_AddRefed<Texture> Device::CreateTextureForSwapChain(
    const dom::GPUCanvasConfiguration* const aConfig,
    const gfx::IntSize& aCanvasSize, layers::RemoteTextureOwnerId aOwnerId) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(aConfig);
  return CreateTexture(SwapChainTextureDescriptor(*aConfig, aCanvasSize),
                       Some(aOwnerId));
}

already_AddRefed<Texture> Device::CreateTexture(
    const dom::GPUTextureDescriptor& aDesc) {
  return CreateTexture(aDesc, /* aOwnerId */ Nothing());
}

already_AddRefed<Texture> Device::CreateTexture(
    const dom::GPUTextureDescriptor& aDesc,
    Maybe<layers::RemoteTextureOwnerId> aOwnerId) {
  ConvertTextureDescriptor desc(aDesc);

  Maybe<ffi::WGPUSwapChainId> ownerId;
  if (aOwnerId.isSome()) {
    ownerId = Some(ffi::WGPUSwapChainId{aOwnerId->mId});
  }

  RawId id = ffi::wgpu_client_create_texture(GetClient(), GetId(), desc.Get(),
                                             ownerId.ptrOr(nullptr));

  RefPtr<Texture> texture = new Texture(this, id, aDesc);
  texture->SetLabel(aDesc.mLabel);
  return texture.forget();
}

already_AddRefed<ExternalTexture> Device::ImportExternalTexture(
    const dom::GPUExternalTextureDescriptor& aDesc, ErrorResult& aRv) {
  if (!gfx::gfxVars::AllowWebGPUExternalTexture()) {
    aRv.ThrowNotSupportedError("WebGPU external textures are disabled");
    return nullptr;
  }

  RefPtr<ExternalTexture> externalTexture =
      mExternalTextureCache.GetOrCreate(this, aDesc, aRv);

  switch (aDesc.mSource.GetType()) {
    case dom::OwningHTMLVideoElementOrVideoFrame::Type::eHTMLVideoElement: {
      // Add the texture to the list of textures to be expired in the next
      // automatic expiry task, scheduling the task if required.
      // Using RunInStableState ensures it runs after any microtasks that may
      // be scheduled during the current task.
      if (mExternalTexturesToExpire.IsEmpty()) {
        nsContentUtils::RunInStableState(
            NewRunnableMethod("webgpu::Device::ExpireExternalTextures", this,
                              &Device::ExpireExternalTextures));
      }
      mExternalTexturesToExpire.AppendElement(externalTexture);
    } break;
    case dom::OwningHTMLVideoElementOrVideoFrame::Type::eVideoFrame: {
      // Ensure the VideoFrame knows about the external texture, so that it can
      // expire it when the VideoFrame is closed.
      const auto& videoFrame = aDesc.mSource.GetAsVideoFrame();
      videoFrame->TrackWebGPUExternalTexture(externalTexture.get());
    } break;
  }

  return externalTexture.forget();
}

void Device::ExpireExternalTextures() {
  MOZ_ASSERT(!mExternalTexturesToExpire.IsEmpty(),
             "Task should not have been scheduled if there are no external "
             "textures to expire");
  for (const auto& weakExternalTexture : mExternalTexturesToExpire) {
    if (auto* externalTexture = weakExternalTexture.get()) {
      externalTexture->Expire();
    }
  }
  mExternalTexturesToExpire.Clear();
}

already_AddRefed<Sampler> Device::CreateSampler(
    const dom::GPUSamplerDescriptor& aDesc) {
  ffi::WGPUFfiSamplerDescriptor desc = {};
  webgpu::StringHelper label(aDesc.mLabel);

  desc.label = label.Get();
  desc.address_modes[0] = ffi::WGPUAddressMode(aDesc.mAddressModeU);
  desc.address_modes[1] = ffi::WGPUAddressMode(aDesc.mAddressModeV);
  desc.address_modes[2] = ffi::WGPUAddressMode(aDesc.mAddressModeW);
  desc.mag_filter = ffi::WGPUFilterMode(aDesc.mMagFilter);
  desc.min_filter = ffi::WGPUFilterMode(aDesc.mMinFilter);
  desc.mipmap_filter = ffi::WGPUMipmapFilterMode(aDesc.mMipmapFilter);
  desc.lod_min_clamp = aDesc.mLodMinClamp;
  desc.lod_max_clamp = aDesc.mLodMaxClamp;
  desc.max_anisotropy = aDesc.mMaxAnisotropy;

  ffi::WGPUCompareFunction comparison;
  if (aDesc.mCompare.WasPassed()) {
    comparison = ConvertCompareFunction(aDesc.mCompare.Value());
    desc.compare = &comparison;
  }

  RawId id = ffi::wgpu_client_create_sampler(GetClient(), GetId(), &desc);

  RefPtr<Sampler> sampler = new Sampler(this, id);
  sampler->SetLabel(aDesc.mLabel);
  return sampler.forget();
}

already_AddRefed<CommandEncoder> Device::CreateCommandEncoder(
    const dom::GPUCommandEncoderDescriptor& aDesc) {
  ffi::WGPUFfiCommandEncoderDescriptor desc = {};

  webgpu::StringHelper label(aDesc.mLabel);
  desc.label = label.Get();

  RawId id =
      ffi::wgpu_client_create_command_encoder(GetClient(), GetId(), &desc);

  RefPtr<CommandEncoder> encoder = new CommandEncoder(this, id);
  encoder->SetLabel(aDesc.mLabel);
  return encoder.forget();
}

already_AddRefed<RenderBundleEncoder> Device::CreateRenderBundleEncoder(
    const dom::GPURenderBundleEncoderDescriptor& aDesc) {
  ffi::WGPUFfiRenderBundleEncoderDescriptor desc = {};
  desc.sample_count = aDesc.mSampleCount;

  webgpu::StringHelper label(aDesc.mLabel);
  desc.label = label.Get();

  ffi::WGPUTextureFormat depthStencilFormat;
  if (aDesc.mDepthStencilFormat.WasPassed()) {
    depthStencilFormat =
        ConvertTextureFormat(aDesc.mDepthStencilFormat.Value());
    desc.depth_stencil_format = &depthStencilFormat;
  }

  std::vector<ffi::WGPUFfiOption_TextureFormat> colorFormats = {};
  for (const auto i : IntegerRange(aDesc.mColorFormats.Length())) {
    ffi::WGPUFfiOption_TextureFormat opt = {};
    if (aDesc.mColorFormats[i].IsNull()) {
      opt.tag = ffi::WGPUFfiOption_TextureFormat_None_TextureFormat;
    } else {
      opt.tag = ffi::WGPUFfiOption_TextureFormat_Some_TextureFormat;
      opt.some = ConvertTextureFormat(aDesc.mColorFormats[i].Value());
    }
    colorFormats.push_back(opt);
  }

  desc.color_formats = {colorFormats.data(), colorFormats.size()};

  RawId id = ffi::wgpu_client_create_render_bundle_encoder(GetClient(), GetId(),
                                                           &desc);

  RefPtr<RenderBundleEncoder> encoder = new RenderBundleEncoder(this, id);
  encoder->SetLabel(aDesc.mLabel);
  return encoder.forget();
}

already_AddRefed<QuerySet> Device::CreateQuerySet(
    const dom::GPUQuerySetDescriptor& aDesc, ErrorResult& aRv) {
  ffi::WGPURawQuerySetDescriptor desc = {};

  webgpu::StringHelper label(aDesc.mLabel);
  desc.label = label.Get();
  ffi::WGPURawQueryType type;
  switch (aDesc.mType) {
    case dom::GPUQueryType::Occlusion:
      type = ffi::WGPURawQueryType_Occlusion;
      break;
    case dom::GPUQueryType::Timestamp:
      type = ffi::WGPURawQueryType_Timestamp;
      if (!mFeatures->Features().count(dom::GPUFeatureName::Timestamp_query)) {
        aRv.ThrowTypeError(
            "requested query set of type `timestamp`, but the "
            "`timestamp-query` feature is not enabled on the device");
        return nullptr;
      }
      break;
  };
  desc.ty = type;
  desc.count = aDesc.mCount;

  RawId id = ffi::wgpu_client_create_query_set(GetClient(), GetId(), &desc);

  RefPtr<QuerySet> querySet = new QuerySet(this, aDesc, id);
  querySet->SetLabel(aDesc.mLabel);
  return querySet.forget();
}

already_AddRefed<BindGroupLayout> Device::CreateBindGroupLayout(
    const dom::GPUBindGroupLayoutDescriptor& aDesc) {
  struct OptionalData {
    ffi::WGPUTextureViewDimension dim;
    ffi::WGPURawTextureSampleType type;
    ffi::WGPUTextureFormat format;
  };
  nsTArray<OptionalData> optional(aDesc.mEntries.Length());
  for (const auto& entry : aDesc.mEntries) {
    OptionalData data = {};
    if (entry.mTexture.WasPassed()) {
      const auto& texture = entry.mTexture.Value();
      data.dim = ffi::WGPUTextureViewDimension(texture.mViewDimension);
      switch (texture.mSampleType) {
        case dom::GPUTextureSampleType::Float:
          data.type = ffi::WGPURawTextureSampleType_Float;
          break;
        case dom::GPUTextureSampleType::Unfilterable_float:
          data.type = ffi::WGPURawTextureSampleType_UnfilterableFloat;
          break;
        case dom::GPUTextureSampleType::Uint:
          data.type = ffi::WGPURawTextureSampleType_Uint;
          break;
        case dom::GPUTextureSampleType::Sint:
          data.type = ffi::WGPURawTextureSampleType_Sint;
          break;
        case dom::GPUTextureSampleType::Depth:
          data.type = ffi::WGPURawTextureSampleType_Depth;
          break;
      }
    }
    if (entry.mStorageTexture.WasPassed()) {
      const auto& texture = entry.mStorageTexture.Value();
      data.dim = ffi::WGPUTextureViewDimension(texture.mViewDimension);
      data.format = ConvertTextureFormat(texture.mFormat);
    }
    optional.AppendElement(data);
  }

  nsTArray<ffi::WGPUFfiBindGroupLayoutEntry> entries(aDesc.mEntries.Length());
  for (size_t i = 0; i < aDesc.mEntries.Length(); ++i) {
    const auto& entry = aDesc.mEntries[i];
    ffi::WGPUFfiBindGroupLayoutEntry e = {};
    e.binding = entry.mBinding;
    e.visibility = entry.mVisibility;

    size_t numTypesSpecified = 0;
    auto markTypeFound = [&numTypesSpecified]() { numTypesSpecified += 1; };

    if (entry.mBuffer.WasPassed()) {
      markTypeFound();
      switch (entry.mBuffer.Value().mType) {
        case dom::GPUBufferBindingType::Uniform:
          e.ty = ffi::WGPURawBindingType_UniformBuffer;
          break;
        case dom::GPUBufferBindingType::Storage:
          e.ty = ffi::WGPURawBindingType_StorageBuffer;
          break;
        case dom::GPUBufferBindingType::Read_only_storage:
          e.ty = ffi::WGPURawBindingType_ReadonlyStorageBuffer;
          break;
      }
      e.has_dynamic_offset = entry.mBuffer.Value().mHasDynamicOffset;
      e.min_binding_size = entry.mBuffer.Value().mMinBindingSize;
    }
    if (entry.mTexture.WasPassed()) {
      markTypeFound();
      e.ty = ffi::WGPURawBindingType_SampledTexture;
      e.view_dimension = &optional[i].dim;
      e.texture_sample_type = &optional[i].type;
      e.multisampled = entry.mTexture.Value().mMultisampled;
    }
    if (entry.mStorageTexture.WasPassed()) {
      markTypeFound();
      switch (entry.mStorageTexture.Value().mAccess) {
        case dom::GPUStorageTextureAccess::Write_only: {
          e.ty = ffi::WGPURawBindingType_WriteonlyStorageTexture;
          break;
        }
        case dom::GPUStorageTextureAccess::Read_only: {
          e.ty = ffi::WGPURawBindingType_ReadonlyStorageTexture;
          break;
        }
        case dom::GPUStorageTextureAccess::Read_write: {
          e.ty = ffi::WGPURawBindingType_ReadWriteStorageTexture;
          break;
        }
        default: {
          MOZ_ASSERT_UNREACHABLE();
        }
      }
      e.view_dimension = &optional[i].dim;
      e.storage_texture_format = &optional[i].format;
    }
    if (entry.mSampler.WasPassed()) {
      markTypeFound();
      e.ty = ffi::WGPURawBindingType_Sampler;
      switch (entry.mSampler.Value().mType) {
        case dom::GPUSamplerBindingType::Filtering:
          e.sampler_filter = true;
          break;
        case dom::GPUSamplerBindingType::Non_filtering:
          break;
        case dom::GPUSamplerBindingType::Comparison:
          e.sampler_compare = true;
          break;
      }
    }
    if (entry.mExternalTexture.WasPassed()) {
      markTypeFound();
      e.ty = ffi::WGPURawBindingType_ExternalTexture;
    }

    switch (numTypesSpecified) {
      case 1:
        // This is what we want. 👍
        break;

      case 0:
        e.ty = ffi::WGPURawBindingType_Error;
        e.error_case = ffi::WGPUBindingTypeError_NoneSpecified;
        break;

      default:
        e.ty = ffi::WGPURawBindingType_Error;
        e.error_case = ffi::WGPUBindingTypeError_MultipleSpecified;
        break;
    }

    entries.AppendElement(e);
  }

  ffi::WGPUFfiBindGroupLayoutDescriptor desc = {};

  webgpu::StringHelper label(aDesc.mLabel);
  desc.label = label.Get();
  desc.entries = {entries.Elements(), entries.Length()};

  RawId id =
      ffi::wgpu_client_create_bind_group_layout(GetClient(), GetId(), &desc);

  RefPtr<BindGroupLayout> object = new BindGroupLayout(this, id);
  object->SetLabel(aDesc.mLabel);
  return object.forget();
}

already_AddRefed<PipelineLayout> Device::CreatePipelineLayout(
    const dom::GPUPipelineLayoutDescriptor& aDesc) {
  nsTArray<ffi::WGPUBindGroupLayoutId> bindGroupLayouts(
      aDesc.mBindGroupLayouts.Length());

  for (const auto& layout : aDesc.mBindGroupLayouts) {
    bindGroupLayouts.AppendElement(layout ? layout->GetId() : 0);
  }

  ffi::WGPUFfiPipelineLayoutDescriptor desc = {};

  webgpu::StringHelper label(aDesc.mLabel);
  desc.label = label.Get();
  desc.bind_group_layouts = {bindGroupLayouts.Elements(),
                             bindGroupLayouts.Length()};

  RawId id =
      ffi::wgpu_client_create_pipeline_layout(GetClient(), GetId(), &desc);

  RefPtr<PipelineLayout> object = new PipelineLayout(this, id);
  object->SetLabel(aDesc.mLabel);
  return object.forget();
}

already_AddRefed<BindGroup> Device::CreateBindGroup(
    const dom::GPUBindGroupDescriptor& aDesc) {
  nsTArray<ffi::WGPUFfiBindGroupEntry> entries(aDesc.mEntries.Length());
  CanvasContextArray canvasContexts;
  nsTArray<RefPtr<ExternalTexture>> externalTextures;
  for (const auto& entry : aDesc.mEntries) {
    ffi::WGPUFfiBindGroupEntry e = {};
    e.binding = entry.mBinding;
    auto setTextureViewBinding =
        [&e, &canvasContexts](const TextureView& texture_view) {
          e.texture_view = texture_view.GetId();
          auto context = texture_view.GetTargetContext();
          if (context) {
            canvasContexts.AppendElement(context);
          }
        };
    if (entry.mResource.IsGPUBuffer()) {
      const auto& buffer = entry.mResource.GetAsGPUBuffer();
      if (!buffer->GetId()) {
        NS_WARNING("Buffer has no id -- ignoring.");
        continue;
      }
      e.buffer = buffer->GetId();
      e.offset = 0;
      e.size_passed = false;
      e.size = 0;
    } else if (entry.mResource.IsGPUBufferBinding()) {
      const auto& bufBinding = entry.mResource.GetAsGPUBufferBinding();
      if (!bufBinding.mBuffer->GetId()) {
        NS_WARNING("Buffer binding has no id -- ignoring.");
        continue;
      }
      e.buffer = bufBinding.mBuffer->GetId();
      e.offset = bufBinding.mOffset;
      e.size_passed = bufBinding.mSize.WasPassed();
      if (e.size_passed) {
        e.size = bufBinding.mSize.Value();
      } else {
        e.size = 0;
      }
    } else if (entry.mResource.IsGPUTexture()) {
      auto texture = entry.mResource.GetAsGPUTexture();
      const dom::GPUTextureViewDescriptor defaultDesc{};
      RefPtr<TextureView> texture_view = texture->CreateView(defaultDesc);
      setTextureViewBinding(*texture_view);
    } else if (entry.mResource.IsGPUTextureView()) {
      auto texture_view = entry.mResource.GetAsGPUTextureView();
      setTextureViewBinding(texture_view);
    } else if (entry.mResource.IsGPUSampler()) {
      e.sampler = entry.mResource.GetAsGPUSampler()->GetId();
    } else if (entry.mResource.IsGPUExternalTexture()) {
      const RefPtr<ExternalTexture> externalTexture =
          entry.mResource.GetAsGPUExternalTexture();
      e.external_texture = externalTexture->GetId();
      externalTextures.AppendElement(externalTexture);
    } else {
      // Not a buffer, nor a texture view, nor a sampler, nor an external
      // texture. If we pass this to wgpu_client, it'll panic. Log a warning
      // instead and ignore this entry.
      NS_WARNING("Bind group entry has unknown type.");
      continue;
    }
    entries.AppendElement(e);
  }

  ffi::WGPUFfiBindGroupDescriptor desc = {};

  webgpu::StringHelper label(aDesc.mLabel);
  desc.label = label.Get();
  desc.layout = aDesc.mLayout->GetId();
  desc.entries = {entries.Elements(), entries.Length()};

  RawId id = ffi::wgpu_client_create_bind_group(GetClient(), GetId(), &desc);

  RefPtr<BindGroup> object = new BindGroup(this, id, std::move(canvasContexts),
                                           std::move(externalTextures));
  object->SetLabel(aDesc.mLabel);

  return object.forget();
}

void reportCompilationMessagesToConsole(
    const RefPtr<ShaderModule>& aShaderModule,
    const nsTArray<WebGPUCompilationMessage>& aMessages) {
  auto* global = aShaderModule->GetParentObject();

  dom::AutoJSAPI api;
  if (!api.Init(global)) {
    return;
  }

  const auto& cx = api.cx();
  dom::GlobalObject globalObj(cx, global->GetGlobalJSObject());

  dom::Sequence<JS::Value> args;
  dom::SequenceRooter<JS::Value> msgArgsRooter(cx, &args);
  auto SetSingleStrAsArgs =
      [&](const nsString& message, dom::Sequence<JS::Value>* args)
          MOZ_CAN_RUN_SCRIPT {
            args->Clear();
            JS::Rooted<JSString*> jsStr(
                cx, JS_NewUCStringCopyN(cx, message.Data(), message.Length()));
            if (!jsStr) {
              return;
            }
            JS::Rooted<JS::Value> val(cx, JS::StringValue(jsStr));
            if (!args->AppendElement(val, fallible)) {
              return;
            }
          };

  nsString label;
  aShaderModule->GetLabel(label);
  auto appendNiceLabelIfPresent = [&label](nsString* buf) MOZ_CAN_RUN_SCRIPT {
    if (!label.IsEmpty()) {
      buf->AppendLiteral(u" \"");
      buf->Append(label);
      buf->AppendLiteral(u"\"");
    }
  };

  // We haven't actually inspected a message for severity, but
  // it doesn't actually matter, since we don't do anything at
  // this level.
  auto highestSeveritySeen = WebGPUCompilationMessageType::Info;
  uint64_t errorCount = 0;
  uint64_t warningCount = 0;
  uint64_t infoCount = 0;
  for (const auto& message : aMessages) {
    bool higherThanSeen =
        static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<WebGPUCompilationMessageType>>(
            message.messageType) <
        static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<WebGPUCompilationMessageType>>(
            highestSeveritySeen);
    if (higherThanSeen) {
      highestSeveritySeen = message.messageType;
    }
    switch (message.messageType) {
      case WebGPUCompilationMessageType::Error:
        errorCount += 1;
        break;
      case WebGPUCompilationMessageType::Warning:
        warningCount += 1;
        break;
      case WebGPUCompilationMessageType::Info:
        infoCount += 1;
        break;
    }
  }
  switch (highestSeveritySeen) {
    case WebGPUCompilationMessageType::Info:
      // shouldn't happen, but :shrug:
      break;
    case WebGPUCompilationMessageType::Warning: {
      nsString msg(
          u"Encountered one or more warnings while creating shader module");
      appendNiceLabelIfPresent(&msg);
      SetSingleStrAsArgs(msg, &args);
      dom::Console::Warn(globalObj, args);
      break;
    }
    case WebGPUCompilationMessageType::Error: {
      nsString msg(
          u"Encountered one or more errors while creating shader module");
      appendNiceLabelIfPresent(&msg);
      SetSingleStrAsArgs(msg, &args);
      dom::Console::Error(globalObj, args);
      break;
    }
  }

  nsString header;
  header.AppendLiteral(u"WebGPU compilation info for shader module");
  appendNiceLabelIfPresent(&header);
  header.AppendLiteral(u" (");
  header.AppendInt(errorCount);
  header.AppendLiteral(u" error(s), ");
  header.AppendInt(warningCount);
  header.AppendLiteral(u" warning(s), ");
  header.AppendInt(infoCount);
  header.AppendLiteral(u" info)");
  SetSingleStrAsArgs(header, &args);
  dom::Console::GroupCollapsed(globalObj, args);

  for (const auto& message : aMessages) {
    SetSingleStrAsArgs(message.message, &args);
    switch (message.messageType) {
      case WebGPUCompilationMessageType::Error:
        dom::Console::Error(globalObj, args);
        break;
      case WebGPUCompilationMessageType::Warning:
        dom::Console::Warn(globalObj, args);
        break;
      case WebGPUCompilationMessageType::Info:
        dom::Console::Info(globalObj, args);
        break;
    }
  }
  dom::Console::GroupEnd(globalObj);
}

already_AddRefed<ShaderModule> Device::CreateShaderModule(
    const dom::GPUShaderModuleDescriptor& aDesc, ErrorResult& aRv) {
  RefPtr<dom::Promise> promise = dom::Promise::Create(GetParentObject(), aRv);
  if (NS_WARN_IF(aRv.Failed())) {
    return nullptr;
  }

  webgpu::StringHelper label(aDesc.mLabel);

  RawId moduleId = ffi::wgpu_client_create_shader_module(
      GetClient(), GetId(), label.Get(), &aDesc.mCode);

  RefPtr<ShaderModule> shaderModule = new ShaderModule(this, moduleId, promise);

  shaderModule->SetLabel(aDesc.mLabel);

  GetChild()->EnqueueCreateShaderModulePromise(
      PendingCreateShaderModulePromise{std::move(promise), this, shaderModule});

  return shaderModule.forget();
}

RawId CreateComputePipelineImpl(RawId deviceId, WebGPUChild* aChild,
                                const dom::GPUComputePipelineDescriptor& aDesc,
                                bool isAsync) {
  ffi::WGPUFfiComputePipelineDescriptor desc = {};
  nsCString entryPoint;
  nsTArray<nsCString> constantKeys;
  nsTArray<ffi::WGPUConstantEntry> constants;

  webgpu::StringHelper label(aDesc.mLabel);
  desc.label = label.Get();

  if (aDesc.mLayout.IsGPUAutoLayoutMode()) {
    desc.layout = 0;
  } else if (aDesc.mLayout.IsGPUPipelineLayout()) {
    desc.layout = aDesc.mLayout.GetAsGPUPipelineLayout()->GetId();
  } else {
    MOZ_ASSERT_UNREACHABLE();
  }
  desc.stage.module = aDesc.mCompute.mModule->GetId();
  if (aDesc.mCompute.mEntryPoint.WasPassed()) {
    CopyUTF16toUTF8(aDesc.mCompute.mEntryPoint.Value(), entryPoint);
    desc.stage.entry_point = entryPoint.get();
  } else {
    desc.stage.entry_point = nullptr;
  }
  if (aDesc.mCompute.mConstants.WasPassed()) {
    const auto& descConstants = aDesc.mCompute.mConstants.Value().Entries();
    constantKeys.SetCapacity(descConstants.Length());
    constants.SetCapacity(descConstants.Length());
    for (const auto& entry : descConstants) {
      ffi::WGPUConstantEntry constantEntry = {};
      nsCString key = NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(entry.mKey);
      constantKeys.AppendElement(key);
      constantEntry.key = key.get();
      constantEntry.value = entry.mValue;
      constants.AppendElement(constantEntry);
    }
    desc.stage.constants = {constants.Elements(), constants.Length()};
  }

  RawId id = ffi::wgpu_client_create_compute_pipeline(aChild->GetClient(),
                                                      deviceId, &desc, isAsync);

  return id;
}

RawId CreateRenderPipelineImpl(RawId deviceId, WebGPUChild* aChild,
                               const dom::GPURenderPipelineDescriptor& aDesc,
                               bool isAsync) {
  // A bunch of stack locals that we can have pointers into
  nsTArray<ffi::WGPUFfiOption_FfiVertexBufferLayout> vertexBuffers;
  nsTArray<ffi::WGPUVertexAttribute> vertexAttributes;
  ffi::WGPUFfiRenderPipelineDescriptor desc = {};
  nsCString vsEntry, fsEntry;
  nsTArray<nsCString> vsConstantKeys, fsConstantKeys;
  nsTArray<ffi::WGPUConstantEntry> vsConstants, fsConstants;
  ffi::WGPUIndexFormat stripIndexFormat = ffi::WGPUIndexFormat_Uint16;
  ffi::WGPUFace cullFace = ffi::WGPUFace_Front;
  ffi::WGPUFfiVertexState vertexState = {};
  ffi::WGPUFfiFragmentState fragmentState = {};
  nsTArray<ffi::WGPUFfiOption_ColorTargetState> colorStates;

  webgpu::StringHelper label(aDesc.mLabel);
  desc.label = label.Get();

  if (aDesc.mLayout.IsGPUAutoLayoutMode()) {
    desc.layout = 0;
  } else if (aDesc.mLayout.IsGPUPipelineLayout()) {
    desc.layout = aDesc.mLayout.GetAsGPUPipelineLayout()->GetId();
  } else {
    MOZ_ASSERT_UNREACHABLE();
  }

  {
    const auto& stage = aDesc.mVertex;
    vertexState.stage.module = stage.mModule->GetId();
    if (stage.mEntryPoint.WasPassed()) {
      CopyUTF16toUTF8(stage.mEntryPoint.Value(), vsEntry);
      vertexState.stage.entry_point = vsEntry.get();
    } else {
      vertexState.stage.entry_point = nullptr;
    }
    if (stage.mConstants.WasPassed()) {
      const auto& descConstants = stage.mConstants.Value().Entries();
      vsConstantKeys.SetCapacity(descConstants.Length());
      vsConstants.SetCapacity(descConstants.Length());
      for (const auto& entry : descConstants) {
        ffi::WGPUConstantEntry constantEntry = {};
        nsCString key = NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(entry.mKey);
        vsConstantKeys.AppendElement(key);
        constantEntry.key = key.get();
        constantEntry.value = entry.mValue;
        vsConstants.AppendElement(constantEntry);
      }
      vertexState.stage.constants = {vsConstants.Elements(),
                                     vsConstants.Length()};
    }

    for (const auto& vertex_desc : stage.mBuffers) {
      ffi::WGPUFfiOption_FfiVertexBufferLayout opt_vb_desc = {};
      if (vertex_desc.IsNull()) {
        opt_vb_desc.tag =
            ffi::WGPUFfiOption_FfiVertexBufferLayout_None_FfiVertexBufferLayout;
      } else {
        ffi::WGPUFfiVertexBufferLayout vb_desc = {};
        const auto& vd = vertex_desc.Value();
        vb_desc.array_stride = vd.mArrayStride;
        vb_desc.step_mode = ffi::WGPUVertexStepMode(vd.mStepMode);
        // Note: we are setting the length but not the pointer
        vb_desc.attributes = {nullptr, vd.mAttributes.Length()};
        for (const auto& vat : vd.mAttributes) {
          ffi::WGPUVertexAttribute ad = {};
          ad.offset = vat.mOffset;
          ad.format = ConvertVertexFormat(vat.mFormat);
          ad.shader_location = vat.mShaderLocation;
          vertexAttributes.AppendElement(ad);
        }
        opt_vb_desc.tag =
            ffi::WGPUFfiOption_FfiVertexBufferLayout_Some_FfiVertexBufferLayout;
        opt_vb_desc.some = vb_desc;
      }
      vertexBuffers.AppendElement(opt_vb_desc);
    }
    // Now patch up all the pointers to attribute lists.
    size_t numAttributes = 0;
    for (auto& vb_desc : vertexBuffers) {
      if (vb_desc.tag ==
          ffi::WGPUFfiOption_FfiVertexBufferLayout_Some_FfiVertexBufferLayout) {
        vb_desc.some.attributes.data =
            vertexAttributes.Elements() + numAttributes;
        numAttributes += vb_desc.some.attributes.length;
      }
    }

    vertexState.buffers = {vertexBuffers.Elements(), vertexBuffers.Length()};
    desc.vertex = &vertexState;
  }

  if (aDesc.mFragment.WasPassed()) {
    const auto& stage = aDesc.mFragment.Value();
    fragmentState.stage.module = stage.mModule->GetId();
    if (stage.mEntryPoint.WasPassed()) {
      CopyUTF16toUTF8(stage.mEntryPoint.Value(), fsEntry);
      fragmentState.stage.entry_point = fsEntry.get();
    } else {
      fragmentState.stage.entry_point = nullptr;
    }
    if (stage.mConstants.WasPassed()) {
      const auto& descConstants = stage.mConstants.Value().Entries();
      fsConstantKeys.SetCapacity(descConstants.Length());
      fsConstants.SetCapacity(descConstants.Length());
      for (const auto& entry : descConstants) {
        ffi::WGPUConstantEntry constantEntry = {};
        nsCString key = NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(entry.mKey);
        fsConstantKeys.AppendElement(key);
        constantEntry.key = key.get();
        constantEntry.value = entry.mValue;
        fsConstants.AppendElement(constantEntry);
      }
      fragmentState.stage.constants = {fsConstants.Elements(),
                                       fsConstants.Length()};
    }

    for (const auto& colorStateOrNull : stage.mTargets) {
      ffi::WGPUFfiOption_ColorTargetState opt = {};
      if (colorStateOrNull.IsNull()) {
        opt.tag = ffi::WGPUFfiOption_ColorTargetState_None_ColorTargetState;
        colorStates.AppendElement(opt);
        continue;
      }
      const auto& colorState = colorStateOrNull.Value();
      ffi::WGPUColorTargetState desc = {};
      desc.format = ConvertTextureFormat(colorState.mFormat);
      if (colorState.mBlend.WasPassed()) {
        const auto& blend = colorState.mBlend.Value();
        desc.blend.tag = ffi::WGPUFfiOption_BlendState_Some_BlendState;
        desc.blend.some.alpha = ConvertBlendComponent(blend.mAlpha);
        desc.blend.some.color = ConvertBlendComponent(blend.mColor);
      } else {
        desc.blend.tag = ffi::WGPUFfiOption_BlendState_None_BlendState;
      }
      desc.write_mask = colorState.mWriteMask;
      opt.tag = ffi::WGPUFfiOption_ColorTargetState_Some_ColorTargetState;
      opt.some = desc;
      colorStates.AppendElement(opt);
    }

    fragmentState.targets = {colorStates.Elements(), colorStates.Length()};
    desc.fragment = &fragmentState;
  }

  {
    const auto& prim = aDesc.mPrimitive;
    desc.primitive.topology = ffi::WGPUPrimitiveTopology(prim.mTopology);
    if (prim.mStripIndexFormat.WasPassed()) {
      stripIndexFormat = ffi::WGPUIndexFormat(prim.mStripIndexFormat.Value());
      desc.primitive.strip_index_format = &stripIndexFormat;
    }
    desc.primitive.front_face = ffi::WGPUFrontFace(prim.mFrontFace);
    if (prim.mCullMode != dom::GPUCullMode::None) {
      cullFace = prim.mCullMode == dom::GPUCullMode::Front ? ffi::WGPUFace_Front
                                                           : ffi::WGPUFace_Back;
      desc.primitive.cull_mode = &cullFace;
    }
    desc.primitive.unclipped_depth = prim.mUnclippedDepth;
  }
  desc.multisample = ConvertMultisampleState(aDesc.mMultisample);

  ffi::WGPUDepthStencilState depthStencilState = {};
  if (aDesc.mDepthStencil.WasPassed()) {
    depthStencilState = ConvertDepthStencilState(aDesc.mDepthStencil.Value());
    desc.depth_stencil = &depthStencilState;
  }

  RawId id = ffi::wgpu_client_create_render_pipeline(aChild->GetClient(),
                                                     deviceId, &desc, isAsync);

  return id;
}

already_AddRefed<ComputePipeline> Device::CreateComputePipeline(
    const dom::GPUComputePipelineDescriptor& aDesc) {
  RawId pipelineId =
      CreateComputePipelineImpl(GetId(), GetChild(), aDesc, false);

  RefPtr<ComputePipeline> object = new ComputePipeline(this, pipelineId);
  object->SetLabel(aDesc.mLabel);
  return object.forget();
}

already_AddRefed<RenderPipeline> Device::CreateRenderPipeline(
    const dom::GPURenderPipelineDescriptor& aDesc) {
  RawId pipelineId =
      CreateRenderPipelineImpl(GetId(), GetChild(), aDesc, false);

  RefPtr<RenderPipeline> object = new RenderPipeline(this, pipelineId);
  object->SetLabel(aDesc.mLabel);

  return object.forget();
}

already_AddRefed<dom::Promise> Device::CreateComputePipelineAsync(
    const dom::GPUComputePipelineDescriptor& aDesc, ErrorResult& aRv) {
  RefPtr<dom::Promise> promise = dom::Promise::Create(GetParentObject(), aRv);
  if (NS_WARN_IF(aRv.Failed())) {
    return nullptr;
  }

  RawId pipelineId =
      CreateComputePipelineImpl(GetId(), GetChild(), aDesc, true);

  GetChild()->EnqueueCreatePipelinePromise(PendingCreatePipelinePromise{
      promise, this, false, pipelineId, aDesc.mLabel});

  return promise.forget();
}

already_AddRefed<dom::Promise> Device::CreateRenderPipelineAsync(
    const dom::GPURenderPipelineDescriptor& aDesc, ErrorResult& aRv) {
  RefPtr<dom::Promise> promise = dom::Promise::Create(GetParentObject(), aRv);
  if (NS_WARN_IF(aRv.Failed())) {
    return nullptr;
  }

  RawId pipelineId = CreateRenderPipelineImpl(GetId(), GetChild(), aDesc, true);

  GetChild()->EnqueueCreatePipelinePromise(PendingCreatePipelinePromise{
      promise, this, true, pipelineId, aDesc.mLabel});

  return promise.forget();
}

already_AddRefed<Texture> Device::InitSwapChain(
    const dom::GPUCanvasConfiguration* const aConfig,
    const layers::RemoteTextureOwnerId aOwnerId,
    bool aUseSharedTextureInSwapChain, gfx::SurfaceFormat aFormat,
    gfx::IntSize aCanvasSize) {
  MOZ_ASSERT(aConfig);

  // Check that aCanvasSize and aFormat will generate a texture stride
  // within limits.
  const auto bufferStrideWithMask = BufferStrideWithMask(aCanvasSize, aFormat);
  if (!bufferStrideWithMask.isValid()) {
    return nullptr;
  }

  const layers::RGBDescriptor rgbDesc(aCanvasSize, aFormat,
                                      gfx::ColorSpace2::SRGB,
                                      gfx::TransferFunction::SRGB);

  auto textureDesc = SwapChainTextureDescriptor(*aConfig, aCanvasSize);
  ConvertTextureDescriptor ffiDesc(textureDesc);

  ffi::wgpu_client_create_swap_chain(
      GetClient(), GetId(), mQueue->GetId(), ffiDesc.Get(),
      (int8_t)rgbDesc.format(), aOwnerId.mId, aUseSharedTextureInSwapChain);

  // TODO: `mColorSpace`: <https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1846608>
  // TODO: `mAlphaMode`: <https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1846605>
  return CreateTexture(textureDesc, Some(aOwnerId));
}

bool Device::CheckNewWarning(const nsACString& aMessage) {
  return mKnownWarnings.EnsureInserted(aMessage);
}

void Device::Destroy() {
  // Unmap all buffers from this device, as specified by
  // https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/#dom-gpudevice-destroy.
  dom::AutoJSAPI jsapi;
  if (jsapi.Init(GetRelevantGlobal())) {
    IgnoredErrorResult rv;
    for (const auto& buffer : mTrackedBuffers) {
      buffer->Unmap(jsapi.cx(), rv);
    }

    mTrackedBuffers.Clear();
  }

  ffi::wgpu_client_destroy_device(GetClient(), GetId());

  if (!mLost) {
    mLost = true;
    GetChild()->RegisterDeviceLostPromise(GetId(), mLostPromise);
  }
}

void Device::PushErrorScope(const dom::GPUErrorFilter& aFilter) {
  ffi::WGPUFfiErrorFilter filter;
  switch (aFilter) {
    case dom::GPUErrorFilter::Validation:
      filter = ffi::WGPUFfiErrorFilter_Validation;
      break;
    case dom::GPUErrorFilter::Out_of_memory:
      filter = ffi::WGPUFfiErrorFilter_OutOfMemory;
      break;
    case dom::GPUErrorFilter::Internal:
      filter = ffi::WGPUFfiErrorFilter_Internal;
      break;
  }
  ffi::wgpu_client_push_error_scope(GetClient(), GetId(), filter);
}

already_AddRefed<dom::Promise> Device::PopErrorScope(ErrorResult& aRv) {
  RefPtr<dom::Promise> promise = dom::Promise::Create(GetParentObject(), aRv);
  if (NS_WARN_IF(aRv.Failed())) {
    return nullptr;
  }

  ffi::wgpu_client_pop_error_scope(GetClient(), GetId());

  GetChild()->EnqueuePopErrorScopePromise(
      PendingPopErrorScopePromise{promise, this});

  return promise.forget();
}

}  // namespace mozilla::webgpu